A disease such as gastritis is more and more common nowadays. The most important condition for a speedy recovery is a gastritis diet, which consists of eating foods that are gentle on the stomach lining and following certain dietary rules. Why you need to join a diet, what is the risk of non-compliance and what the consequences will be, we will find out in this article.
Why do you have to diet with stomach gastritis?
No drug can completely cure gastritis (acute or chronic). At the moment, pharmacies offer a wide variety of drugs for gastritis, but all of them can only eliminate the symptoms of the disease (stomach pain and cramps, heartburn, upset stools, belching) anddo not take full treatment. . Without a diet, drugs will not be able to produce the desired results and will be a waste of money.
General rules
The basic principle of a diet for inflammation of the gastric mucosa is to maintain a rational diet, which helps ensure adequate digestion. The menu for gastritis (both with high and low acidity) involves the use of a certain daily content of nutrients: from 90 to 100 g of protein and fat, from 400 to 420 g of carbohydrates. In this case, the calorie content should not exceed 3000. Fluids to drink should be at least 2 liters per day.
The diet for gastritis should be serious, but at the same time, meal recipes should include nutritious foods that do not irritate the walls of the stomach. Food should be eaten mashed, sufficiently well boiled or steamed. You need to eat often, food intake should be moderate. Do not indulge in contrasting dishes - there are cold dishes separately from hot dishes. It is forbidden to eat at night, because at night the stomach is forced to rest, like every individual human organ.
Diet and gastritis
Hyperacid
This type of gastritis is accompanied by an increase in the secretion of gastric juice. For him, the first in the list was specially selected - diet number 1, the main purpose of which is to protect and protect the gastric mucosa from external stimuli. Therefore, the basis of rational digestion includes foods that reduce acidity. The diet suggests eating the following foods:
- milk porridge (semolina, oatmeal, rice);
- mashed vegetable soups;
- skimmed milk and dairy products;
- steamed egg omelet;
- lean meats (rabbit, turkey meat);
- light variety fish (hake, pollock, plaice, etc. ).
The disease menu should include such vegetables: boiled potatoes, carrots, zucchini, pumpkins. All diet recipes include dishes from boiled, steamed and mashed vegetables. Among the fruits, preference should be given to non-acidic fruit varieties: avocado, mango, sweet apples. You should eat sweet berries: strawberries, raspberries, cherries, as well as melons (watermelon and melon).
It is very useful to drink a glass of milk in the morning and evening. The inclusion of animal and vegetable oils in the meal will have a positive effect on the stomach and help eliminate painful symptoms. With gastritis, it is forbidden to eat such dishes that provoke excessive secretion of gastric juice. These include:
- fried, salty, spicy foods;
- sauces;
- black bread;
- fresh pastries made from butter dough;
- canned products;
- black coffee and tea.
The diet of patients with gastritis categorically prohibits the consumption of alcohol, beer, sweet soda.
Hypoacid
With diffuse and erosive gastritis, there is a decrease in the acidity of the stomach. It is necessary to eat easily digestible foods that do not irritate the walls of the stomach. Examples of authorized foods: stale bread; cereals, the most useful of which will be oatmeal, buckwheat, rice porridge (especially for breakfast). For hypoacid gastritis, many fruits can be crushed or grated. Citrus fruits are allowed in moderation. Berry compote is also useful.
Meat is better for eating lean varieties: chicken, turkey, young veal; fish - hake, cod, plaice (exclude only fatty varieties). You can cook hated meat and fish broths. Low-fat dairy products and yoghurt desserts are allowed. From flour it is worth abandoning greasy muffins and cookies. Black tea is prohibited, but you can afford to drink kvass, beer, black coffee. Smoked meats and salty and spicy dishes are prohibited for use in food.
An approximate diet for patients with gastritis with low acidity of the stomach is not as difficult as with a disease with high acidity, and sometimes in the absence of exacerbations even involves the use offried food, pickled vegetables.
Types of diets and their characteristics
Treatment for gastritis patients with diet number 1
It is indicated for gastric ulcers, with superficial, diffuse and erosive gastritis. Food is cooked, boiled or steamed, not chopped. Eliminate foods that contribute to the excessive secretion of stomach acid. The diet of people suffering from gastritis is aimed at treating the inflammatory process in the gastrointestinal tract, healing ulcers and erosions, and normalizing the stomach. You should eat 5-6 times a day, with 2 hour breaks between feedings, and eat in small portions.
Diet number one has two modifications: number 1a and number 1b. Diet 1a has the following principle: meals are prepared in liquid form, mashed or mashed.It is recommended to eat very often - 6-7 times a day, while you can not eat vegetables, fruits and baked goods.Such a strict diet is prescribed for patients with diffuse and erosive gastritis, as well as in the first week of the postoperative period. Diet chart number 1b contains the same principles of the diet, but differs only in the composition of substances (protein, fats, carbohydrates) and nutritional value. It is prescribed at the end of the treatment using Table 1a.
Diet number 2 and gastritis
A therapeutic regimen is indicated in chronic superficial gastritis with secretory insufficiency, enteritis and colitis in the process of recovery. Good nutrition is aimed at providing the body with nutrients, stimulating the secretory function of the digestive system and normalizing the normal functioning of the digestive tract. With such a diet, it is allowed to cook and eat boiled, stewed and lightly fried food.
The use of indigestible, irritating to the gastric mucosa, contrasting foods is prohibited.
Diet number 5 and gastritis
It is a diet that is indicated not only for superficial gastritis, but also for other diseases: with hepatitis, cirrhosis of the liver, chronic colitis and inflammation of the gallbladder. Dietary foods are aimed at providing the body with a complete and high-quality enriched composition, normalizing lipid metabolism and normal functioning of the digestive tract. Foods should be gentle on the stomach, with limited animal fat content, boiled, steamed or stewed. You should eat often, 4 to 5 times a day, in small portions.
Principles of Nutrition for Children and Pregnant Women
When treating a child's malaise, in order to eliminate unpleasant symptoms, in addition to taking medication, great attention is paid to following a proper diet. There are three basic principles of diet therapy for a child: adherence to the diet (timely feeding - at least 4 times a day, with short breaks between them); the quality and correct technology of their preparation (the products must be fresh, cooked just before the main meal, add at least salt and aromas); the content of healthy and nutritious meals for the child in the healing menu.
For pregnant women with a disease such as gastritis, bed rest and a strict diet are recommended.A simple protein diet is shown, eat 5-6 times a day.All food can be boiled and steamed, it is absolutely forbidden to eat fried food. The diet of pregnant women prohibits the use of sweet foods, hot spices and salt. The therapeutic effect will be ensured by the use of dairy products, steamed egg omelets, cereals, mineral water and at the same time the rest of dietary foods, indicated for people with hyperacid and hypoacid forms. of disease.
Approximate diet menu for the day
- Breakfast: steamed omelet, cocoa pudding.
- Second breakfast: fruit yogurt.
- Lunch: chicken broth, rice porridge and steamed fish cake, berry compote.
- Afternoon snack: a cheesecake and apple jelly.
- Dinner: a serving of baked potatoes, dressing, chamomile tea.
- Second supper: baked fermented milk and crackers.
What are the risks of non-compliance with the regime?
For people, non-compliance with the diet of a disease leads to the following consequences: pathology of the gastric mucosa, the formation of ulcers and erosions, which will result in a stomach ulcer. In addition, there follows a disruption of the functioning of all organs of the gastrointestinal tract and the development of their ailments. In the worst case, gastritis can lead to the development of stomach cancer. Therefore, in order to avoid such sad consequences, follow the simple rules of a diet and a healing diet, then nothing will threaten your health.